Saving Graphs to File
- Don’t use the mouse
- Use
ggsave for ggplot
- Practice by saving the following plot to file:
ggsave("my_plot.png",p)
Saving 7 x 7 in image
- Base R way: print plots “to screen”, sandwiched between
pdf()/jpeg()/png()… and dev.off().
- Vector vs. raster: Images are stored on your computer as either vector or raster.
Scales; Colour
Scale functions in ggplot2 take the form scale_[aesthetic]_[mapping]().
Let’s first focus on the following plot:

- Change the y-axis tick mark spacing to 10; change the colour spacing to include all powers of 10.

- Specify
scales::*_format in the labels argument of a scale function to do the following:
- Change the x-axis labels to dollar format (use
scales::dollar_format())
- Change the colour labels to comma format (use
scales::comma_format())

- Use
RColorBrewer to change the colour scheme.
- Notice the three different types of scales: sequential, diverging, and continuous.
diverging: neutral/positive/negative

- Use
viridis to change the colour to a colour-blind friendly scheme
- Hint: add
scale_colour_viridis_c (c stands for continuous; d discrete).
- You can choose a palette with
option.

Theming
Changing the look of a graphic can be achieved through the theme() layer.
There are “complete themes” that come with ggplot2, my favourite being theme_bw (I’ve grown tired of the default gray background, so theme_bw is refreshing).
- Change the theme of the following plot to
theme_bw():

- Then, change font size of axis labels, and the strip background colour. Others?

Plotly
Consider the following plot:

- Convert it to a
plotly object by applying the ggplotly() function:
- You can save a plotly graph locally as an html file. Try saving the above:
- NOTE: plotly graphs don’t seem to show up in Rmd notebooks, but they do with Rmd documents.
- Run this code to see the json format underneath:
- Check out code to make a plotly object from scratch using
plot_ly() – scatterplot of gdpPercap vs lifeExp.
- Add population to form a z-axis for a 3D plot:
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